1. Berri Sweet Poker Real Name Search

Born: October 18, 1926
San Jose, California
African American singer, musician, and songwriter

Chuck Berry, known as the 'father of rock and roll,' has been a major influence on popular music. Though his career and life reached great peaks and declined to low valleys, he has survived while his contemporaries (others from the same time period) have vanished.

Early years

It's a combination of the name Lea (which isn't my real name but still I like it) and the word lucky. So no more 'leaky' please, it's very annoying! As for the pronunciation, it's obvious, I believe. But just in case: the first part of my name is the same as in the name Lea.

Charles Edward Anderson Berry was born on October 18, 1926, in San Jose, California. His father was a carpenter. Shortly after his birth, the family (he had three sisters and two brothers) moved to St. Louis, Missouri, where they lived a middle-class life. Berry sang in a church choir and a school glee club and took up the guitar in junior high school, learning how to play on his own. Before he could graduate from high school, Berry was arrested and convicted of armed robbery and served three years in a reform

Music career

Berry worked as a carpenter and a hair stylist after he was married, but he also continued to play guitar. In late 1952 a piano player named Johnnie Johnson called and asked him to play a New Year's Eve show at the Cosmopolitan Club in St. Louis. The band would play steadily at the club for the next three years. Berry's influence changed not only the band's name (to the Chuck Berry Combo) but also its style. The music was a mostly fast-paced combination of country, pop, and rhythm and blues. Berry also admired the comical sense of singer Louis Jordan, which he added to his performances.

In 1955, on the advice of blues great Muddy Waters (1915–1983), Berry contacted Leonard and Phil Chess, owners of Chess Records in Chicago, Illinois. They were interested in the young artist and put him in the studio. Within a few months one of Berry's songs, 'Maybellene,' was a hit. He went on to have a string of top ten hits, including 'Roll Over Beethoven,' 'Rock and Roll Music,' 'Johnny B. Goode,' and 'Carol.' Berry was also a popular live performer. He was known for his 'duck walk,' which he created as a child 'scooting forward' under a table to chase a ball. Berry began to spend some of his newfound wealth—around 1957 he opened Berry Park in Wentzville, Missouri. With a guitar-shaped swimming pool, golf course, hotel rooms, and nightclub, it was, next to his fleet of Cadillacs, his pride and joy.

Problems arise

Things went smoothly until 1961, when Berry was found guilty of transporting a teenage girl across a state line for immoral purposes. He spent from February 1962 until October 1963 behind bars in Springfield, Missouri. During his prison term he took courses to complete his high school education and wrote songs such as 'Tulane,' 'No Particular Place To Go,' and 'Nadine.' By the time Berry was released from jail, groups such as the Beatles were recording versions of Berry classics and introducing his music to new audiences.

By the mid-1960s, though, Berry's type of rock was losing ground to artists such as Eric Clapton (1945–) and Jimi Hendrix (1942–1970) who were trying to break new ground. A switch from Chess to Mercury Records (1966–69) did little to help Berry. He continued touring without a regular backup band, using pickup bands made up of local musicians. In 1972 Berry, back with Chess, produced his biggest hit, 'My Ding-a-Ling.' It topped the charts on both sides of the Atlantic, selling two million copies. Berry had hit paydirt, but this only led to another run-in with the law. In 1979 he spent three months in a California prison after being convicted of failing to pay income tax.

Later years

Berry's legal troubles continued into his later years. In 1990 the police, acting on a tip that he was selling cocaine, raided his estate. The charges were later dropped. Berry was also involved in a class-action lawsuit brought by women who claimed they had been videotaped in the bathrooms of Berry Park without their consent. The lawsuit was settled out of court. Meanwhile, more collections of Berry's hits were released, including a live recording released in 1995.

While Chuck Berry's career has had peaks and valleys, he has survived while most of his contemporaries are long gone. Berry has been honored with both a star in the Hollywood Walk of Fame and an election to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. In 2000 he was honored for lifetime achievement at the Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in Washington, D.C. And he continues to perform, reportedly accepting no less than $10,000 per show and playing for no more than forty-five minutes.

For More Information

Berry, Chuck. The Autobiography. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1988.

Guralnick, Peter. Feel Like Going Home. New York: Vintage, 1981.

Logan, Nick, and Bob Woffinden. The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Rock. New York: Harmony Books, 1977.

Synsepalum dulcificum is a plant known for its berry that, when eaten, causes sour foods (such as lemons and limes) subsequently consumed to taste sweet. This effect is due to miraculin. Common names for this species and its berry include miracle fruit,^[2]miracle berry, miraculous berry,^[2]sweet berry,^[3][4][5] and in West Africa, where the species originates, agbayun,^[6]taami, asaa, and ledidi.

The berry itself has a low sugar content^[7] and a mildly sweet tang. It contains a glycoprotein molecule, with some trailing carbohydrate chains, called miraculin.^[8] When the fleshy part of the fruit is eaten, this molecule binds to the tongue's taste buds, causing sour foods to taste sweet. At neutral pH, miraculin binds and blocks the receptors, but at low pH (resulting from ingestion of sour foods) miraculin binds proteins and becomes able to activate the sweet receptors, resulting in the perception of sweet taste.^[9] This effect lasts until the protein is washed away by saliva (up to about 30 minutes).^[10]

The names miracle fruit and miracle berry are shared by Gymnema sylvestre and Thaumatococcus daniellii,^[2] which are two other species used to alter the perceived sweetness of foods.

History[edit]

The berry has been used in West Africa since at least the 18th century, when European explorer – the Chevalier des Marchais – provided an account of its use there. Marchais, who was searching West Africa for many different fruits in a 1725 excursion, noticed that local people picked the berry from shrubs and chewed it before meals.

In the 1980s in the United States, an attempt was made to commercialize the fruit for its ability to mask non-sweet foods as sweet without a caloric cost, but became compromised when the Food and Drug Administration classified the berry as a food additive and required evidence of safety.^[7][11][12] For a time in the 1970s, US dieters could purchase a pill form of miraculin.^[13] This interest had a revival in food-tasting events at which tasters consume sour and bitter foods, such as lemons, radishes, pickles, hot sauce, and beer, then experience the perceived change to sweetness with miraculin.^[14]

Characteristics[edit]

It is a shrub that grows 1.8–4.5 m (5.9–14.8 ft) in height and has dense foliage.^[15][16] Its leaves are 5–10 cm (2.0–3.9 in) long, 2.0–3.7 cm (0.79–1.46 in) wide, and glabrous below. They are clustered at the ends of the branchlets. The flowers are white. It carries red, 2 cm (0.79 in) long fruits. Each fruit contains one seed.^[4]

Cultivation[edit]

The plant grows best in soils with a pH as low as 4.5 to 5.8, in an environment free from frost and in partial shade with high humidity. It is tolerant of drought, full sunshine, and slopes.^[4]

The seeds need 14 to 21 days to germinate. A spacing of 4 m between plants is suggested.^[4]

The plants first bear fruit after growing about 3–4 years,^[4] and produce two crops per year, after the end of the rainy season. This evergreen plant produces small, red berries, while white flowers are produced for many months of the year.

The seeds are about the size of coffee beans.

In Africa, leaves are attacked by lepidopterous larvae, and fruits are infested with larvae of fruit flies. The fungus Rigidoporus microporus has been found on this plant.^[4]

Transgenic tomato plants have been developed in research projects that produce miraculin.^[17][18]

Uses and regulation[edit]

In tropical West Africa, where this species originates, the fruit pulp is used to sweeten palm wine.^[19] Historically, it was also used to improve the flavor of soured cornbread,^[6] but has been used as a sweetener and flavoring agent for diverse beverages and foods, such as beer, cocktails, vinegar, and pickles.^[20]

The berry is on the EU list of novel foods, and requires a safety assessment before it can be sold as food or used as a food additive.^[21] Since 2011, the United States FDA has imposed a ban on importing Synsepalum dulcificum (specifying 'miraculin') from its origin in Taiwan, declaring it as an 'illegal undeclared sweetener'.^[22]

References[edit]

1. ^'Synsepalum dulcificum (Schumach. & Thonn.) Daniell'. Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Retrieved 2019-03-06.
2. ^ ^abcWiersema, John Harry; León, Blanca (1999). World Economic Plants: A Standard Reference. CRC Press. p. 661. ISBN0-8493-2119-0.
3. ^Peter Hanelt, ed. (2001). Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. 2. Springer. p. 1660. ISBN3-540-41017-1. Archived from the original on 2016-06-04.
4. ^ ^abcdefJames A. Duke, Judith L. DuCellier, ed. (1993). CRC handbook of alternative cash crops. CRC Press. pp. 433–434. ISBN0-8493-3620-1.
5. ^John C. Roecklein, PingSun Leung, ed. (1987). A Profile of economic plants. Transaction Publishers. p. 412. ISBN0-88738-167-7.
6. ^ ^abPlant inventory. 58: Seeds and plants imported. United States Department of Agriculture. 1919. p. 42.
7. ^ ^abLevin, Rachel B. (June 23, 2009). 'Ancient Berry, Modern Miracle: The Sweet Benefits of Miracle Fruit'. thefoodpaper.com. Archived from the original on August 10, 2009. Retrieved 2009-08-20.
8. ^McCurry, Justin (2005-11-25). 'Miracle berry lets Japanese dieters get sweet from sour'. London: The Guardian. Archived from the original on 2013-08-29. Retrieved 2008-05-28. The berries contain miraculin, a rogue glycoprotein that tricks the tongue's taste-bud receptors into believing a sour food is actually sweet. People in parts of west Africa have been using the berries to sweeten sour food and drink for centuries, but it is only recently that the global food industry has cottoned on.
9. ^Koizumi A, Tsuchiya A, Nakajima K, Ito K, Terada T, Shimizu-Ibuka A, Briand L, Asakura T, Misaka T, Abe K (2011). 'Human sweet taste receptor mediates acid-induced sweetness of miraculin'. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108 (40): 16819–24. doi:10.1073/pnas.1016644108. PMC3189030. PMID21949380.
10. ^Park, Madison (March 25, 2009). 'Miracle fruit turns sour things sweet'. CNN. Archived from the original on March 27, 2009. Retrieved 2009-03-25.
11. ^Mangold, Tom (2008-04-28). 'Sweet and sour tale of the miracle berry'. The Week. Archived from the original on 2011-11-16. Retrieved 2011-10-31.
12. ^'The miracle berry'. BBC. 2008-04-28. Archived from the original on 2008-05-01. Retrieved 2008-05-28.
13. ^Rowe, Aaron (2006-12-07). 'Super Lettuce Turns Sour Sweet'. Wired Magazine. Archived from the original on 2008-08-31. Retrieved 2008-07-22.
14. ^Farrell, Patrick; Kassie Bracken (2008-05-28). 'A Tiny Fruit That Tricks the Tongue'. The New York Time. Archived from the original on 2008-06-12. Retrieved 2008-05-28.
15. ^Inglett, G. E.; Dowling, B.; Albrecht, J. J.; Hoglan, F. A. (1965). 'Taste Modifiers, Taste-Modifying Properties of Miracle Fruit (Synsepalum Dulcificum)'. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 13 (3): 284–287. doi:10.1021/jf60139a026.
16. ^Inglett, G. E.; May, J. F. (1968). 'Tropical plants with unusual taste properties'. Economic Botany. 22 (4): 326–331. doi:10.1007/BF02908127.
17. ^Hirai, Tadayoshi; Go Fukukawa; Hideo Kakuta; Naoya Fukuda; Hiroshi Ezura (2010). 'Production of Recombinant Miraculin Using Transgenic Tomatoes in a Closed Cultivation System'. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 58 (10): 6096–6101. doi:10.1021/jf100414v. ISSN0021-8561. PMID20426470.
18. ^Sun, Hyeon-Jin; Hiroshi Kataoka; Megumu Yano; Hiroshi Ezura (2007). 'Genetically stable expression of functional miraculin, a new type of alternative sweetener, in transgenic tomato plants'. Plant Biotechnology Journal. 5 (6): 768–777. doi:10.1111/j.1467-7652.2007.00283.x. ISSN1467-7644.
19. ^Oliver-Bever, Bep (1986). Medicinal plants in tropical West Africa. Cambridge University Press. p. 266. ISBN0-521-26815-X.
20. ^Farrell P, Bracken K (28 May 2008). 'A Tiny Fruit That Tricks the Tongue'. New York Times. Retrieved 17 May 2016.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
21. ^'Novel Food catalogue - Search (Synsepalum dulcificum)'. European Commission. Retrieved 2015-08-16.
22. ^'Synsepalum dulcificum Import Alert 45-07; Taiwan'. US Food and Drug Administration. 5 February 2018. Retrieved 9 February 2018.

External links[edit]

• Data related to Synsepalum dulcificum at Wikispecies

Berri Sweet Poker Real Name Search